Network Basics

This section will introduce basic networking concepts in Linux, including configuring network interfaces and using tools like ping and netstat.

概念的解释

网络基础涉及计算机之间的通信。包括 IP 地址、子网掩码和网关的配置。

参数的解释

• ifconfig：配置网络接口。
• interface：网络接口名称。
• up：启用接口。
• down：禁用接口。
• ping：测试网络连通性。
• -c：发送的包数。

实践的例子

1. Enabling a Network Interface:
2. Command: ifconfig eth0 up

3. Step-by-Step:

   1. Open a terminal.
   2. To enable the network interface eth0, execute:

      sudo ifconfig eth0 up
      

   3. Verify the interface is up by running:

      ifconfig eth0
      

   4. This command enables the specified network interface, making it ready for network communication.

4. Testing Network Connectivity:

5. Command: ping -c 4 google.com

6. Step-by-Step:

   1. Open a terminal.
   2. To test connectivity to Google's servers, use:

      ping -c 4 google.com
      

   3. Observe the results to see if packets are successfully sent and received.
   4. This command sends 4 packets to google.com and reports the response time, helping to diagnose connectivity issues.

7. Viewing Current Network Configuration:

8. Command: ifconfig
9. Step-by-Step:
   1. Open a terminal.
   2. To view the current network configuration, simply type:

      ifconfig
      

   3. Review the output to see details about all network interfaces, including IP addresses and status.
   4. This command provides a snapshot of the current network settings and status of all interfaces.

测试题目

1. 如何查看当前网络接口的配置？
2. 使用哪个命令可以测试与远程服务器的连通性？
3. 如何启用或禁用网络接口？